Which learning theory focuses on innate behaviors imprinted in our DNA?

The choice of behaviorism as the correct answer is based on its foundational concepts, particularly the idea that certain behaviors can be conditioned and are inherently influenced by innate processes. Behaviorism emphasizes observable behaviors and the ways they can be modified through reinforcement and punishment. Although it primarily focuses on external stimuli and responses, it's acknowledged that some behaviors may have biological underpinnings.

In this context, when discussing innate behaviors, behaviorism can intersect with the notion that certain responses or reflexes may be hard-wired or imprinted in our DNA, as originally theorized by early behaviorists. These innate behaviors, often seen as instinctual responses, are a starting point for developing further learned behaviors through environmental interaction.

Cognitive theory, on the other hand, tends to focus on internal mental processes and how they influence behavior, rather than on innate behaviors themselves. Constructivism emphasizes learning as a process of building knowledge through experience, rather than inherent traits. Humanism centers on individual potential and self-actualization and does not directly address innate behaviors in the same way. Understanding these different educational philosophies is essential for recognizing how they shape teaching and learning processes.