What is the acceptable bank angle for steep turns according to PPL standards?

The acceptable bank angle for steep turns according to Private Pilot License (PPL) standards is indeed 45 degrees ±5 degrees. This standard is based on the need to maintain controlled flight while allowing for a sufficient turn rate and load factor that keeps the aircraft within its operational limits.

In executing a steep turn, the pilot must apply increased back pressure to counteract the loss of vertical lift caused by the bank, which results in a higher load factor. Being proficient at holding within this bank angle range is crucial for safety, ensuring that the aircraft remains stable and can cope with the aerodynamic forces at play. The standard emphasizes not only the skill required to perform a turn at 45 degrees but also the understanding of the aircraft's performance characteristics in such scenarios.

Steep turns at other angles, such as 30 degrees or 50 degrees, may not align with these standards and could lead to less effective maneuverability or safety concerns associated with the specific performance envelope of the aircraft. The 45-degree benchmark thus serves as a balance between performance, safety, and practical training standards established for PPL holders.